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Related Experiment Videos

Accessing situation model information: memory-based processing versus here-and-now accounts.

John D Murray1, Randall Engle

  • 1Department of Psychology, PO. Box 8041, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460-8041, USA. JMurray@georgiasouthern.edu

The Journal of Psychology
|June 11, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study compared memory-based processing and here-and-now theories of situation model updating in reading. Findings support the here-and-now account but do not fully rule out memory-based processing.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Reading Comprehension
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Debate exists regarding how readers update situation models during reading.
  • Previous research (O'Brien et al., 1998; Zwaan & Madden, 2004) yielded conflicting results.
  • Confounds in prior studies complicated interpretation of situation model updating mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare memory-based processing and here-and-now accounts of situation model updating.
  • To address limitations in previous experimental designs.
  • To clarify the cognitive processes involved in updating narrative representations.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two experiments building upon prior research.
  • Designed stimuli to mitigate confounds identified in earlier work.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed reader responses to sentences varying in consistency with updated and initial story information.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental data align with the here-and-now account of situation model updating.
    • Reading difficulty patterns were observed consistent with immediate situational information.
    • The memory-based processing view was not entirely discredited by the findings.

    Conclusions:

    • The here-and-now account provides a stronger explanation for situation model updating.
    • Readers appear to rely more on immediate situational cues than solely on memory retrieval.
    • Further research may be needed to fully reconcile competing theoretical perspectives.