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Related Experiment Videos

Learned industriousness.

R Eisenberger1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark 19716.

Psychological Review
|April 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rewarding effort in animals and humans creates lasting differences in industriousness. This research explains how rewarding hard work makes effort less unpleasant and encourages consistent high performance across various activities.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Developmental science

Background:

  • Individual differences in industriousness are linked to rewarded effort.
  • Reinforcement may shape the perceived value of effort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how rewarded effort influences industriousness and effort valuation.
  • To propose a mechanism for how effort's reward value generalizes across behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of extensive animal and human research.
  • Theoretical proposal of conditioning mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Rewarded effort leads to durable individual differences in industriousness.
  • Reinforcement conditions reward value to the sensation of high effort, reducing its aversiveness.

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  • This conditioning facilitates generalization of high performance across behaviors.

    • Conclusions:

    • The proposed mechanism explains how effort becomes rewarding and generalizes.
    • Findings have implications for understanding self-control, moral development, and education.