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Induction of PXR-mediated metabolism by beta-carotene
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt. 98 H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. ralphruehl@web.de
Abstract:
beta-carotene is the major carotenoid occurring in the human diet and in the human organism. Besides its function as pro-vitamin A, beta-carotene has been shown to be an activator of the human pregnan X receptor (PXR). PXR is mainly expressed in the liver/intestine and an inducer of enzymes involved in phase I, II and III metabolism. This review is focused on the evaluation of physiological and nutritional relevance of beta-carotene as an inducer of phase I enzymes in the human organism via PXR-mediated mechanisms. Beneficial and detrimental effects of beta-carotene on xenobiotica metabolism and metabolism of various other derivatives will be discussed.
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