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Transport and metabolism of D-lactate in Jerusalem artichoke mitochondria.

Anna Atlante1, Lidia de Bari, Daniela Valenti

  • 1Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, CNR, Via G. Amendola 165/A 70126, Bari, Italy.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|June 14, 2005
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Summary

Jerusalem artichoke synthesizes D-lactate via glyoxalase II. Mitochondria utilize D-lactate through a symporter and D-lactate dehydrogenase, indicating its role in plant metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biochemistry
  • Mitochondrial respiration
  • Lactate metabolism

Background:

  • D-lactate is a metabolic byproduct in plants.
  • Its specific metabolic pathways in plants remain largely uncharacterized.
  • Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a model plant for metabolic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synthesis and metabolism of D-lactate in Jerusalem artichoke.
  • To identify the key enzymes and transport mechanisms involved in D-lactate processing.
  • To elucidate the role of D-lactate in plant mitochondrial function.

Main Methods:

  • Photometric assays for glyoxalase II and D-lactate dehydrogenase activity.
  • Measurement of oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and proton release in isolated mitochondria.
  • Investigation of D-lactate uptake using flavin reduction assays.
  • Enzyme inhibition studies using antimycin A and cyanide.

Main Results:

  • Jerusalem artichoke synthesizes D-lactate via glyoxalase II in both cytosol and mitochondria.
  • Externally supplied D-lactate stimulates mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, and proton release.
  • Mitochondrial D-lactate metabolism involves a flavoprotein, likely D-lactate dehydrogenase.
  • Mitochondria possess a D-lactate/H+ symporter for D-lactate uptake.

Conclusions:

  • Jerusalem artichoke actively metabolizes D-lactate through specific enzymatic and transport systems.
  • Mitochondrial D-lactate metabolism is linked to respiration and energy production.
  • These findings suggest D-lactate plays a significant role in Jerusalem artichoke's metabolic network, potentially originating from methylglyoxal detoxification.