Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 17, 2026
Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
Published on: January 22, 2019
Downward deviation of progressive addition lenses in a myopia control trial
Satoshi Hasebe1, Chiaki Nakatsuka, Ichiro Hamasaki
1Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Medical School, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. shasebe@md.okayama-u.ac.jp
Purpose:
To clarify how the downward deviation of progressive addition lenses (PALs) reduces their near-addition effect in schoolchildren participating in a myopia control trial.
Methods:
Among 95 schoolchildren wearing PALs for 6 months (age range: 6-12 years; refractive error range: -6.00 to -1.25 D), facial images were captured with a digital still camera placed 60 cm in front of the eyes while he or she was looking ahead with natural head posture. The vertical deviations of PALs from their ideal position (mm) were evaluated by analysing these images.
Results:
The mean (+/-SD) downward deviations of PALs for the right and left eyes were 3.7 +/- 2.3 and 3.7 +/- 2.0 mm, respectively, and the largest downward deviation was 10.2 mm. For simulations using the average downward deviation, the near-addition effect of PALs was reduced to 30 and 63% of the expected value at the 10 degrees and 20 degrees downward eye positions, respectively.
Conclusions:
The downward deviation of PALs is a significant factor in reducing their therapeutic effect for near-addition. To ensure the proper alignment of PALs in children, the conventional spectacle-frame-fitting procedure is not sufficient, and repeated confirmation using a testing method similar to that used in this study is required.
