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Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...

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Surface Passivation for Single-molecule Protein Studies

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Published on: April 24, 2014

Single-step covalent functionalization of polylactide surfaces.

Ulrica Edlund¹, Martina Källrot, Ann-Christine Albertsson

¹Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|June 16, 2005

Summary

This study introduces a novel, single-step method for modifying biodegradable polymers like polylactide using vapor phase grafting. This technique enhances surface properties and allows for further customization, creating tailor-made materials.

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Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Surface Engineering

Background:

Biodegradable polymers, such as polylactide, are increasingly important but often require surface modification to enhance their functionality.
Existing surface modification techniques can be complex, destructive, or limited in scope.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a versatile, single-step, nondestructive method for grafting and chemically modifying biodegradable polymer surfaces.
To enable the creation of tailor-made polymer surfaces with desired properties.

Main Methods:

Vapor phase grafting of vinyl monomers (acrylamide, maleic anhydride, N-vinylpyrrolidone) onto polylactide substrates.
Photoinitiation using benzophenone under solvent-free conditions.
Surface characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact-angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Main Results:

Successful grafting and chemical surface modification of polylactide were achieved.
Modified surfaces demonstrated significantly increased wettability.
Graft-chain pendant groups remained functional, allowing for subsequent modifications.

Conclusions:

The developed technique offers a simple, nondestructive, and versatile approach for polymer surface functionalization.
This method provides a pathway to engineer biodegradable polymer surfaces with precisely controlled properties for diverse applications.