Reversible impaired memory induced by pulsed methylprednisolone in patients with MS

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Neurology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system.
• Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone (MP), are commonly used to manage MS exacerbations.
• The cognitive effects of MP treatment in MS patients require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the short-term and long-term effects of methylprednisolone (MP) on cognitive function in multiple sclerosis patients.
• To assess whether the dose of MP influences cognitive outcomes.
• To examine the reversibility of any observed cognitive changes.

Main Methods:

• A double-blind, randomized study design was employed.
• Thirty patients with multiple sclerosis were enrolled.
• Neuropsychological assessments were conducted before therapy, on day 6, and on day 60 after a 5-day course of either 500 mg or 2,000 mg of MP.

Main Results:

• A selective deterioration in declarative memory retrieval was observed at day 6 post-therapy.
• This memory impairment was fully reversible by day 60.
• The observed cognitive effects were independent of the MP dosage (500 mg vs. 2,000 mg).

Conclusions:

• Methylprednisolone treatment can cause transient, dose-independent deficits in declarative memory retrieval in MS patients.
• Cognitive function, specifically memory retrieval, recovers within 60 days of MP therapy.
• These findings highlight the importance of considering potential temporary cognitive side effects of MP in MS management.