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[Ductus venosus agenesis].

N Durakovic1, A Azancot, D Eurin

  • 1Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre pluridisciplinaire de diagnostic prénatal, Paris. durakovic-natacha@wanadoo.fr

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|June 22, 2005
PubMed
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Congenital absence of the ductus venosus is a rare fetal anomaly. Early detection via careful ultrasound assessment is crucial for timely intervention and improved fetal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Fetal Medicine
  • Congenital Anomalies
  • Ultrasonography

Background:

  • Congenital absence of the ductus venosus (AVD) is a rare fetal anomaly.
  • The ductus venosus (DV) normally shunts oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the fetal heart.

Observation:

  • This study analyzed 12 cases of AVD between 1992 and 2004.
  • Umbilical vein drainage varied, including direct to the right atrium, coronary sinus, inferior vena cava, azygos vein, or portal vein.
  • Cases were categorized into extrahepatic (53) and intrahepatic (22) anastomoses based on hemodynamic impact.

Findings:

  • Extrahepatic anastomoses were associated with cardiomegaly (39%) and high malformation rates (56%).
  • Intrahepatic anastomoses showed a higher incidence of hydrops fetalis (23%) and malformations (45%).

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  • Chromosomal anomalies were identified in 9% of cases.

    • Implications:

    • Routine fetal screening should include careful assessment of umbilical venous return and DV presence.
    • Suspected AVD warrants referral for specialized scans, fetal echocardiography, and karyotyping.
    • Early diagnosis and management of AVD can improve fetal prognosis.