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Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state.

Bruce W Nugent1

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, Spectrum Health-Butterworth, 100 Monroe NW, MC-49, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA. nugentbw@cs.com

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|June 29, 2005
PubMed
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Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), a severe diabetes complication, requires urgent emergency care focusing on fluids and electrolytes. This condition is increasingly seen in adolescents with type 2 diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a critical acute complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • HHS presentation necessitates immediate medical intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline emergency department management strategies for HHS.
  • To highlight the increasing incidence of HHS in adolescents with type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emergency department protocols for HHS.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and management of HHS.
  • Emphasis on prompt diagnosis and hemodynamic stabilization.

Main Results:

  • Effective management involves rapid fluid resuscitation and electrolyte balance.

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  • Identifying and treating precipitating factors is crucial for recovery.
  • Adolescents are increasingly presenting with HHS, a serious manifestation of type 2 diabetes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Prompt diagnosis and aggressive management are key to improving outcomes in HHS.
    • The rising prevalence of HHS in adolescents underscores the need for early type 2 diabetes detection and management in this population.