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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
Published on: March 2, 2015
Menninger's motives for suicide in the notes of completed and attempted suicides
Abstract:
Brevard, Lester, and Yang in 1990, studying Menninger's motives for suicide, reported more evidence for the wish to be killed (i.e., self-blame or self-punishment) in suicide notes for completed suicides than in parasuicide notes for attempted suicide; however, they did not control for age and sex. A comparison of notes written by completed and attempted suicides that controlled for age and sex showed no differences in the presence of content which reflected Menninger's three motives for suicide, including the wish to be killed.
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