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Major hemoptysis in adolescents
Kin-sun Wong1, Reyin Lien, Shao-Hsuan Hsia
1Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Childrens Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taiwan. pchest@adm.cgmh.org.tw
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 30, 2005
Summary
Coughing up blood in children, or hemoptysis, is rare but serious. In Taiwan, active pulmonary tuberculosis and congenital heart disease were the main causes of severe bleeding in adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Pulmonology
- Radiology
Background:
- Coughing up blood (hemoptysis) in children is uncommon but can be life-threatening.
- Causes of hemoptysis in children vary geographically and differ from adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical presentation and radiographic features of massive hemoptysis in adolescents.
- To identify common causes and effective management strategies for severe hemoptysis in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of adolescent patients with massive hemoptysis.
- Analysis of clinical data, radiographic findings, and treatment outcomes.
- Study conducted at a single tertiary children's hospital in northern Taiwan over a 10-year period.
Main Results:
- Active pulmonary tuberculosis with cavities and congenital heart disease with bronchial artery issues were the most frequent causes of major hemoptysis.
- Conservative management was effective for most cases of hemoptysis due to active pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Selective bronchial artery embolization successfully treated hemoptysis in patients with respiratory or hemodynamic compromise without complications.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary tuberculosis and congenital heart disease are significant causes of massive hemoptysis in adolescents in Taiwan.
- Conservative treatment is often sufficient for tuberculosis-related hemoptysis.
- Bronchial artery embolization is a safe and effective intervention for severe, refractory hemoptysis in children.
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