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Updated: Aug 17, 2026
High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Published on: January 19, 2022
Hearing outcomes in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia--a longitudinal study
1Flat 9 Skillen Lodge, 552 Uxbridge Road, Pinner, Middlesex HA5 3PR, UK. anoojmajithia@hotmail.com
Insights
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) can cause middle ear fluid (otitis media with effusion). Hearing loss and ear issues in children with PCD improve with age, typically resolving by age 12.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatrics
- Genetics
Background:
- Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital disorder affecting cilia function.
- Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common otological manifestation in children with PCD.
- The natural history and hearing loss severity in PCD-associated OME remain under-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the severity of hearing loss in children with PCD.
- To document the natural progression of OME in pediatric PCD patients.
- To evaluate tympanometric and audiometric changes over time.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study design.
- Analysis of tympanograms and audiograms from children with PCD.
- Data collected from patients attending a multidisciplinary clinic.
Main Results:
- Significant improvement in hearing thresholds with increasing age (p<0.001).
- Tympanometric parameters also showed age-related improvement.
- Most OME cases in PCD patients resolved by age 12.
Conclusions:
- Hearing loss associated with OME in PCD patients demonstrates natural resolution over time.
- Conservative management is supported by the findings of spontaneous hearing improvement.
- Early intervention for OME complications like persistent otorrhoea or perforation may be avoided.
Abstract:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital abnormality of ciliary structure or function. The otological manifestations of the disease include otitis media with effusion (OME). To date, the severity of hearing loss and natural progression of OME in this select group of patients has not been documented. In this retrospective observational study, we looked at the tympanograms and audiograms of all children with PCD attending the Royal Brompton Hospital multidisciplinary clinic. Our results show an improvement in both hearing thresholds and tympanograms with age (p<0.001). Most cases resolve by the age of 12. This supports the current practice of conservative management in these patients. The problems of persistent otorrhoea and residual tympanic membrane perforation are thereby avoided with the reassurance that hearing loss will spontaneously resolve with time.
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