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Human histological research: is it necessary? Humane? Ethical?
Alden M Leib1, Charles J Kowalski
1Department of Periodontics, Geriatrics and Prevention, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
Journal of Periodontology
|July 16, 2005
Summary
Dental research frequently uses human tissue for histological studies, often involving extra tissue removal during tooth extractions. This practice offers no patient benefit and may even pose risks, such as compromising prosthetic fit.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Histology
- Oral surgery
Background:
- Human tissue has been utilized in dental research for over 60 years.
- Histological studies often involve block sections of teeth, surrounding soft tissue, and bone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical use of human tissue in dental research.
- To evaluate the necessity and patient implications of current histological study methods.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of dental research utilizing human histological evidence.
- Analysis of historical publications from 1941 onwards.
Main Results:
- Extensive use of human tissue for histological analysis is documented.
- Block sections are a common method, involving removal of extra tissue beyond what's needed for extraction.
- This extra tissue removal provides no surgical benefit to the patient.
Conclusions:
- Current histological study methods in dentistry may not be optimized for patient benefit.
- The removal of extra tissue poses risks to patients, including compromised prosthetic restoration fit.
- Further research into less invasive histological techniques is warranted.