Angiogenesis and hematological malignancies

Since the initial hypotheses on the importance of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of cancer approximately 30 years ago, there have been major advances in the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of this complex process of new vessel formation. Among the multitude of factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has emerged as one of the most potent angiogenic factors, being implicated in the initiation of signal transduction responsible for cell proliferation, survival, migration and adhesion. Inhibition of VEGF and its signaling pathway offers a potential new molecular target in cancer therapy. This article reviews the role of angiogenesis and its mediators, particularly vascular endothelial growth factors, in hematological malignancies, as well as the potential use of anti-angiogenic therapies in the management of these conditions.