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Related Experiment Videos

Error processing in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Junko Ito1, Junko Kitagawa

  • 1Division of Neurophysiology, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawaracho, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. jito@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Pathophysiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology
|July 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) show slower information processing and impaired error detection. While error awareness is preserved, event-related potentials reveal subtle cognitive deficits in early-stage DAT.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, affects cognitive functions, including error processing.
  • Early detection of cognitive deficits is crucial for managing dementia progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate error detection and action monitoring in early-stage dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT).
  • To investigate event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with error responses in DAT patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a lexical recognition paradigm with Japanese 'kanji' characters.
  • Analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically error negativity (Ne) and error positivity (Pe), time-locked to error responses.
  • Compared DAT patients with healthy elderly subjects.

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Main Results:

  • DAT patients exhibited slower reaction times and higher error rates.
  • DAT patients showed smaller Ne and Pe amplitudes compared to healthy controls.
  • Latencies for Ne, Pe, and correct response positivity (Pc) were prolonged in DAT patients.
  • Ne amplitude was comparable to negativity for correct response (Nc) in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Information processing and error detection are slowed and impaired in early DAT.
  • Despite deficits, the capacity for error detection and awareness appears preserved in early DAT.
  • ERP analysis provides insights into subtle cognitive impairments in early-stage Alzheimer's disease.