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Particle-stabilized emulsions comprised of solid droplets.

J Giermanska-Kahn1, V Laine, S Arditty

  • 1Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, VA. Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 22, 2005
PubMed
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Silica particles create kinetically stable oil-in-water emulsions, outperforming traditional surfactants. These emulsions exhibit shear-induced gelation, with a critical droplet concentration determining the gelation speed.

Area of Science:

  • Colloid and surface science
  • Materials science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Oil-in-water emulsions are crucial in various industries.
  • Traditional stabilization using surfactants can lead to instability.
  • Particulate stabilization offers an alternative approach for emulsion stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetic stabilization of oil-in-water emulsions using silica particles.
  • To compare the stability of particulate-stabilized emulsions with surfactant-stabilized ones.
  • To explore the behavior of these emulsions under shear stress, focusing on gelation dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of oil-in-water emulsions with paraffin crystals and colloidal silica.
  • Assessment of quiescent stability over extended periods.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of shear stress to probe stability under flow conditions.
  • Determination of critical droplet mass fraction (phi*) for gelation transition.

    • Main Results:

    • Silica-adsorbed emulsions demonstrated long-term quiescent stability (months), surpassing surfactant-only systems (hours).
    • Shear stress induced partial coalescence and gelation in the emulsions.
    • A critical droplet mass fraction (phi*) was identified, sharply dividing slow and rapid gelation.
    • Gelation time transitioned from hours (phi < phi*) to near-instantaneous (phi > phi*).

    Conclusions:

    • Colloidal silica provides effective kinetic stabilization for oil-in-water emulsions, outperforming surfactants.
    • Emulsion gelation under shear is a critical phenomenon dependent on droplet concentration.
    • The identified critical droplet mass fraction offers a key parameter for controlling emulsion rheology and stability under flow.