Related Experiment Videos
Bone marrow necrosis in dogs: 34 cases (1996-2004)
1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|July 29, 2005
Summary
Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) occurred in 5.6% of dogs evaluated. While often linked to underlying diseases or drug exposure, idiopathic BMN was also observed, particularly in anemic dogs with myelofibrosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Canine Hematology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a rare condition in dogs.
- Understanding its incidence and associations is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of BMN in dogs.
- To identify potential causes, including associated diseases and drug exposures.
- To describe the clinical and clinicopathologic features of BMN in dogs.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of bone marrow cytologic examination reports from 1996 to 2004.
- Evaluation of 609 reports, identifying cases with necrosis, stromal disruption, phagocytic macrophages, individual cell necrosis, or myelofibrosis.
- Analysis of 34 confirmed cases of BMN in client-owned dogs.
Main Results:
- BMN was identified in 5.6% (34/609) of evaluated bone marrow specimens.
- Nine dogs had idiopathic BMN, all anemic and with myelofibrosis; 25 had associated diseases or drug exposures, showing variable anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.
- Associated conditions included sepsis, lymphosarcoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and exposure to chemotherapeutic agents, phenobarbital, carprofen, metronidazole, and mitotane.
Conclusions:
- BMN is a significant finding in canine bone marrow evaluations, particularly in dogs with hematologic disorders.
- While often secondary to disease or toxins, idiopathic BMN can occur.
- Specific conditions and drug exposures should raise suspicion for BMN in dogs presenting with relevant clinical signs.