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Updated: Aug 12, 2026
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
[Occult chronic kidney disease (OCKD), and cardiovascular risk factors. Epidemiologic study]
A Otero1, A Abelleira, P Gayoso
1Servicio de Nefrología, Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense. alfonso.otero.gonzalez@sergas.es
Insights
Occult Chronic Kidney Disease (OCKD) is prevalent in older populations, linked to significant vascular risk factors. Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent severe outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Vascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality globally and in Spain.
- Diabetic nephropathy and vascular diseases are primary reasons for dialysis initiation.
- Early-stage kidney disease involves inflammation and vascular damage, often undetected by standard GFR assessments using plasma creatinine.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the prevalence of Occult Chronic Kidney Disease (OCKD).
- To assess the association between OCKD and conventional vascular risk factors (VRF).
Summary:
- An epidemiological study analyzed a randomly selected adult population, calculating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) using Cockcroft-Gault (C-G) and MDRD methods.
- GFR showed significant correlations with various vascular risk factors including hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and anemia, irrespective of the calculation method.
- Discrepancies in GFR estimation were observed between C-G and MDRD equations, influenced by factors like weight and age.
Impact:
- The study highlights a high prevalence of OCKD and vascular risk factors in an aging population, indicating substantial vascular risk.
- Findings underscore the necessity for proactive intervention strategies to mitigate kidney disease progression and associated morbidity/mortality.
Unlabelled:
Vascular diseases are the first cause of mortality within the occidental world. In Spain, they represent 35.5% within the total of deceases. Vascular diseases, jointly with Diabetic Nephropaty, are the first cause of inclusion of patients in dialysis. In precocious stages of renal disease, and as a consequence of the inflammatory condition generated already exists vascular damage. But its prevention is difficult, because habitually GFR is evaluated by means of plasmatic creatinin rate impeding the suitable detection of renal disease prevailing.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevailing of Occult Chronic Kidney Disease (OCKD) and its association with conventional vascular risk factors (VRF).
Material And Methods:
The epidemiologic study was made in a randomly selected population elder than 18 years. GFR was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault and MDRD methods, and the results were correlated with VRF.
Results:
The studied population mean age is 50.49 +/- 16.28 years, hypertension prevailing is 31.5%, diabetes: 7.5%, obesity: 21.9%, dislipènic: 35.62%, anemia: 1.4%. IV degree IRCO rate (GFR: 15-30 ml/min) is 0.7 (MDRD) with 69.43 +/- 12.58 years of age, and 1.5% (C-G) with 76.25 +/- 10.64 years of age. GFR, independently on the method used in its calculation, is significantly correlated with TAS (< 0.0001), pulse pressure (< 0.0001), Hb (0.0001), obesity (< 0.0001), Total Cholesterol (< 0.0001), triglycerides (< 0.0018), c-HDL (< 0.0001), c-LDL (< 0.0001) e hiperuricemic (< 0.0001). GFR disparity depends on the equation used. It could be explained because C-G overestimate by "weigh" and it has higher deviation in lower renal function values. Whereas, using MDRD equation there is an overestimation by "age" and it has lower variability.
Conclusions:
In an aged population, the prevailing of OCKD and the rate of VRF are high conferring high vascular risk. It will be necessary to adopt intervention measures in order to avoid renal disease progress and its high morbid-mortality.
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