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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Chronic renal failure in children

M H Rahman1, M A Karim, E Hoque

  • 1Pediatric Nephrology, BSMMU, Shahabag, Dhaka 1000.

Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|August 2, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive uropathy is the leading cause of chronic renal failure (CRF) in children, often presenting as advanced disease. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for better outcomes in pediatric kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) in children presents unique etiological and prognostic challenges.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of pediatric CRF is essential for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes and outcomes of chronic renal failure in children under 15 years old.
  • To identify the primary etiological factors contributing to pediatric CRF.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study conducted over two years (May 2000 - May 2002) at a single nephrology unit.
  • Inclusion criteria: new cases of CRF in children < 15 years, defined by creatinine clearance < 75 ml/min/m² with no recovery over three months.
  • Data collected on patient demographics, etiology, disease severity at presentation, and follow-up outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Forty-four children (mean age 8.73 years) were diagnosed with CRF; 68.19% were male.
  • Obstructive uropathy (54.55%) was the most common cause, followed by glomerular diseases (34.9%).
  • Over 70% of children presented with severe CRF or end-stage renal disease (ESRD); many cases of obstructive uropathy were due to posterior urethral valves (PUV).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric CRF is frequently caused by treatable conditions like obstructive uropathy, particularly posterior urethral valves.
  • A significant proportion of children present with advanced renal disease, highlighting the need for earlier detection and management strategies.
  • Outcomes were poor for many, with challenges in follow-up due to financial constraints and irregular dialysis attendance.

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