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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Contrast-Enhanced Subharmonic Aided Pressure Estimation (SHAPE) Using Ultrasound Imaging with a Focus on Identifying Portal Hypertension
Published on: December 5, 2020
In vivo pressure estimation using subharmonic contrast microbubble signals: proof of concept
Abstract:
Changes in ambient pressure affects the reflectivity of ultrasound contrast microbubbles leading to an excellent correlation between subharmonic signals and hydrostatic pressure. The aortas of two dogs were scanned with an experimental pulse-echo system to validate in vivo pressure estimation based on subharmonic microbubble signals. Results matched well with instantaneous pressure measurements (from 20-60 mmHg) obtained simultaneously with a pressure catheter (root mean square errors <27%).
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