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Related Experiment Videos

Respiratory involvement in multiple sclerosis.

R S Howard1, C M Wiles, N P Hirsch

  • 1Batten/Harris Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|April 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Respiratory complications, including insufficiency and arrest, can affect multiple sclerosis (MS) patients early and late in the disease. Respiratory muscle weakness is a key factor, necessitating mechanical support in many cases.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pulmonology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Respiratory complications are recognized in advanced multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • These complications can also manifest during acute relapses earlier in the disease course.
  • Understanding the spectrum and management of respiratory issues in MS is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of respiratory complications in patients with multiple sclerosis.
  • To identify the underlying factors contributing to respiratory failure in MS patients.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various mechanical respiratory support methods.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 19 patients with MS experiencing respiratory complications.

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  • Assessment included neurological and respiratory parameters, such as forced vital capacity (FVC), oxygen saturation, and arterial blood gases.
  • Analysis of respiratory muscle and bulbar weakness, and the utilization of mechanical ventilation.

    • Main Results:

    • 19 MS patients developed respiratory complications at a mean of 5.9 years post-neurological onset.
    • 14 patients had severe respiratory insufficiency (reduced FVC, hypoxemia/hypercapnia, or arrest).
    • Respiratory muscle weakness (14 patients) and bulbar weakness (7 patients) were primary factors. 12 patients required mechanical ventilation, with 7 deaths.

    Conclusions:

    • Respiratory complications represent a significant threat in multiple sclerosis, occurring earlier than often presumed.
    • Respiratory muscle and bulbar weakness are key contributors to respiratory failure in MS.
    • Mechanical ventilation offers support but has a high mortality rate in this population, though temporary ventilation can be life-saving.