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[Chronic obstructive lung disease and coronary heart disease]

N A Karoli, A P Rebrov

Klinicheskaia Meditsina

|August 4, 2005

Insights

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is common in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD), affecting 26.7% of those studied. Early detection and treatment are crucial, especially for severe COLD cases.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pulmonology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD) are frequently accompanied by cardiovascular pathologies like coronary heart disease (CHD) and arterial hypertension.
COLD may increase the risk of cardiovascular pathology by 2 to 3 times.
Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of CHD in COLD patients is essential for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the rate of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD).
To identify specific features and peculiarities of CHD presentation within the COLD patient population.

Main Methods:

Study involved 116 patients with COLD (mean age 53.5 years).
Analysis of lethality data from a Pulmonary division (1998-2003) including 41 deaths.
Diagnosis of CHD in COLD patients.

Main Results:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) was diagnosed in 31 (26.7%) of the COLD patients.
CHD prevalence was 1.5 times higher in COLD patients over 60 compared to those younger than 60.
Significant differences in COLD severity and obstructive syndrome were observed between patients with and without CHD.
Respiratory and circulatory failure were leading causes of death in COLD patients, with a notable rate of myocardial infarction.
Autopsies showed coronary artery atherosclerosis in 7 out of 9 patients.

Conclusions:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) development is a common occurrence in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD), particularly when other CHD risk factors are present.
Patients with severe COLD represent a high-risk group requiring vigilant screening for CHD symptoms, including painless myocardial ischemia.
Early diagnosis and initiation of antianginal therapy are critical for managing CHD in the COLD population.

Read full analysis

Abstract:

It has been established that coronary heart disease, as well as arterial hypertension, is one of the most frequent illnesses that accompany chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD). Certain data suggest that COLD increase the risk of the development of cardiovascular pathology 2 to 3 times. The purpose of the study was to establish coronary heart disease (CHD) rate among patients with COLD, and to determine the peculiarities of CHD in this category of patients. The subjects were 116 patients with COLD (mean age 53.5 +/- 1.13 years). The authors also analyzed lethality in the Pulmonary division of the clinic, where 41 patients had died in 1998-2003. CHD was diagnosed in 31 (26.7%) patients. The results show that CHD rate in COLD patients older than 60 is 1.5 times higher than that in those younger than 60, and 2.3 times higher than that in those younger than 50. The patients with and without CHD demonstrate significant difference in the severity of COLD and obstructive syndrome. The leading cause of death in COLD patients was respiratory and circulatory failure; also noticed was high myocardial infarction rate among those patients. Autopsies revealed signs of coronary artery atherosclerosis in 7 out of 9 patients. The obtained data suggest that CHD development is a regular phenomenon in COLD patients, especially in those exposed to other CHD risk factors. The risk group consists of patients with severe COLD; their examination requires special attention paid to possible CHD symptoms and painless myocardial ischemia, for early diagnostics and beginning of antianginal therapy.

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