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Related Experiment Videos

Passive IgE-sensitization by blood transfusion.

S G O Johansson1, A Nopp, M van Hage

  • 1Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Allergy
|August 4, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Passive transfer of IgE antibodies via plasma transfusion sensitizes recipients to allergen at levels comparable to allergic patients. This sensitization involves distinct basophil populations with varying decline rates, lasting up to seven weeks.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Investigating passive sensitization mechanisms in individuals receiving plasma with IgE antibodies.
  • Understanding how transfused IgE antibodies impact recipient immune responses to allergens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of passive sensitization induced by plasma containing IgE antibodies.
  • To quantify the duration and magnitude of basophil sensitization following plasma transfusion.

Main Methods:

  • Administered donor plasma with specific IgE antibodies to timothy grass allergen.
  • Monitored recipient serum IgE levels and basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) via flow cytometry.
  • Quantified IgE antibodies using ImmunoCAP and CD-sens by CD63 up-regulation.

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Main Results:

  • Significant correlation between transfused IgE antibody amount and recipient serum peak concentration (r=0.98).
  • Recipients achieved CD-sens positivity within 3 hours, peaking at 3.4 days, comparable to allergic patients.
  • Identified two basophil populations with differing CD-sens decline half-lives (4 and 10 days).

Conclusions:

  • Transfused IgE antibodies effectively sensitize mast cells and basophils to levels seen in allergic individuals.
  • Demonstrated the existence of distinct 'slow' and 'rapid' basophil populations based on CD-sens decline.
  • Allergen-reactive basophils can persist in recipients for up to 7 weeks after plasma transfusion.