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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence
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Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: The ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis.

J Bousquet1,2,3,4, E Melén5,6, T Haahtela7

  • 1Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Allergy
|February 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The "one-airway-one-disease" concept is outdated. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma are distinct diseases with different genetic and treatment profiles, challenging previous assumptions.

Keywords:
IL-33Toll-like receptorsasthmamultimorbidityrhinitis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Genomics and Transcriptomics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The traditional "one-airway-one-disease" concept oversimplifies the relationship between upper and lower airway allergic diseases.
  • Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis are interrelated phenotypes with overlapping interactomes.
  • New data necessitates a re-evaluation of established concepts in allergic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reassess the "one-airway-one-disease" concept in light of current scientific understanding.
  • To differentiate between rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity.
  • To explore novel concepts like the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis" in allergic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical observations and guidelines, including Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA).
  • Analysis of new insights into polysensitization, multimorbidity, and mHealth for phenotype definition.
  • Examination of genomic findings, epidemiological studies, and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • The "one-airway-one-disease" concept is not universally applicable, with distinct disease phenotypes identified.
  • Rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) show significant differences.
  • Differences include genomic backgrounds (TLRs, IL-17 vs. IL-33, IL-5), sensitization patterns, symptom severity, and treatment responses.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity should be considered distinct diseases.
  • These distinct diseases may be modulated by the microbiome.
  • This distinction offers a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases.