Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

A Comprehensive Pipeline to Assess the Efficiency of Human Erythropoiesis In Vitro and Ex Vivo
Published on: January 10, 2025
Inflammation and resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents--what do we know and what needs to be clarified?
Jana Smrzova1, Jozsef Balla, Peter Bárány
1Haemodialysis Centre, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Abstract:
Resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be associated with evidence of enhanced systemic inflammatory responses. This review considers the inflammatory mechanisms thought to be involved in the development and aetiology of anaemia of CKD that may help our understanding and management of patients with ESA resistance. The potential role of nutritional support and of anti-inflammatory therapies in managing resistance to ESA therapy is discussed and explored.
Related Concept Videos
Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis
Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
Disorders of Erythrocytes
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
