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[Sleep promoters and insomnia].

Dalva Poyares1, Luciano Ribeiro Pinto, Stella Tavares

  • 1Centro para Estudos do Sono Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo. poyares@psicobio.epm.br

Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
|August 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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This review covers common sedative and hypnotic medications, including benzodiazepines and zolpidem, highlighting their chronic use patterns and indications. It also discusses sedative antidepressants, melatonin, antipsychotics, and phytotherapeutics for insomnia management.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Sleep Medicine

Context:

  • Hypnotic prescriptions are frequently for chronic use, with benzodiazepines being widely prescribed globally.
  • Women, the elderly, and patients with psychiatric or medical conditions are common chronic users of hypnotics.

Purpose:

  • To review the profile, clinical use, and indications of prevalent sedative and hypnotic compounds.
  • To discuss the role of various drug classes in managing chronic insomnia.

Summary:

  • Zolpidem is a frequently prescribed hypnotic, considered potentially safer than benzodiazepines for controlled, long-term use.
  • Sedative antidepressants (trazodone, mirtazapine, etc.), melatonin, sedative antipsychotics, and phytotherapeutics are also discussed for insomnia treatment.

Impact:

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  • Provides an overview of pharmacological options for chronic insomnia.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the rational use of sedatives and hypnotics, especially in vulnerable populations.