Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026
A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients
Published on: May 16, 2025
The effectiveness of body weight-supported gait training and floor walking in patients with chronic stroke
Sinikka H Peurala1, Ina M Tarkka, Kauko Pitkänen
1Brain Research and Rehabilitation Center Neuron, Kuopio, Finland. sinikka.peurala@neuron.fi
Objective:
To compare body weight-supported exercise on a gait trainer with walking exercise overground.
Design:
Randomized controlled trial.
Setting:
Rehabilitation hospital.
Participants:
Forty-five ambulatory patients with chronic stroke.
Interventions:
Patients were randomized to 3 groups: (1) gait trainer exercise with functional electric stimulation (GTstim), (2) gait trainer exercise without stimulation (GT), and (3) walking overground (WALK). All patients practiced gait for 15 sessions during 3 weeks (each session, 20 min), and they received additional physiotherapy 55 minutes daily.
Main Outcome Measures:
Ten-meter walk test (10MWT), six-minute walk test (6MWT), lower-limb spasticity and muscle force, postural sway tests, Modified Motor Assessment Scale (MMAS), and FIM instrument scores were recorded before, during, and after the rehabilitation and at 6 months follow-up.
Results:
The mean walking distance using the gait trainer was 6900+/-1200 m in the GTstim group and 6500+/-1700 m in GT group. In the WALK group, the distance was 4800+/-2800 m, which was less than the walking distance obtained in the GTstim group (P=.027). The body-weight support was individually reduced from 30% to 9% of the body weight over the course of the program. In the pooled 45 patients, the 10MWT (P<.001), 6MWT (P<.001), MMAS (P<.001), dynamic balance test time (P<.001), and test trip (P=.005) scores improved; however, no differences were found between the groups.
Conclusions:
Both the body weight-supported training and walking exercise training programs resulted in faster gait after the intensive rehabilitation program. Patients' motor performance remained improved at the follow-up.
