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Diagnosis and management of human parvovirus B19 infection

Mildred M Ramirez1, Joan M Mastrobattista

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. mildred.m.ramirez@uth.tmc.edu

Clinics in Perinatology
|August 9, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Parvovirus B19 infection in children can pose risks to pregnant women and fetuses, potentially causing anemia and fetal death. Noninvasive testing is available to monitor fetal health, with invasive procedures reserved for severe anemia cases.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19 is a widespread childhood viral infection.
  • The virus can cause severe complications in pregnant women and their fetuses.
  • Seasonal occurrence (winter/spring) is noted for this common pediatric illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the risks of Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy.
  • To detail potential adverse fetal outcomes.
  • To describe available diagnostic and monitoring strategies for fetal parvovirus B19.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Parvovirus B19 in pregnancy.
  • Description of noninvasive fetal assessment techniques.
  • Criteria for employing invasive fetal testing.

Main Results:

  • Parvovirus B19 can lead to fetal red blood cell aplasia, anemia, myocarditis, nonimmune hydrops, and fetal demise.
  • Noninvasive testing methods are effective for fetal evaluation.
  • Invasive testing is indicated for significant fetal anemia.

Conclusions:

  • Parvovirus B19 poses significant risks to fetal well-being.
  • Close fetal monitoring is crucial in cases of maternal infection.
  • A tiered approach to testing, prioritizing noninvasive methods, is recommended.

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