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Jamming transition in a highly dense granular system under vertical vibration.
Kipom Kim1, Jong Kyun Moon, Jong Jin Park
1Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
Summary
Granular materials transition from fluid to solid states under vertical vibration. Near this jamming transition, structural relaxation exhibits stretched exponential behavior, similar to supercooled liquids.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Materials Science
- Complex Systems
Background:
- Granular materials exhibit complex dynamics, including jamming transitions.
- Vertical vibration can induce phase transitions in granular systems.
- Understanding these transitions is crucial for materials science and fluid dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the jamming transition dynamics in a 3D granular system under vertical vibration.
- To characterize the system's behavior as it transitions from a fluid-like to a solid-like state.
- To explore the nature of structural relaxation near the transition point.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing diffusing-wave spectroscopy (DWS) to probe dynamics.
- Applying controlled vertical vibration to a three-dimensional granular system.
- Analyzing the dynamic correlation function G(t) to characterize relaxation behavior.
Main Results:
- At high vibration acceleration, the system behaves fluidly with rapid G(t) relaxation.
- As vibration approaches gravitational acceleration (g), relaxation slows, indicating a phase transition to a solid-like state.
- Near the transition, structural relaxation follows a stretched exponential pattern.
Conclusions:
- Vertical vibration induces a jamming transition in 3D granular systems.
- The observed stretched exponential relaxation near the transition is analogous to supercooled liquids near the glass transition.
- Diffusing-wave spectroscopy is effective for studying granular system dynamics and phase transitions.