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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: reversible and irreversible
1Clinical Treatment Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD 20857.
Psychopharmacology Bulletin
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are regaining favor for treating depression and anxiety. Newer MAOIs offer improved safety and efficacy, particularly reversible selective MAO-A inhibitors.
Area of Science:
- Psychopharmacology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were among the first antidepressants but declined due to toxicity concerns.
- Advances in understanding MAOI interactions have led to a resurgence of interest.
Observation:
- MAOIs are now used for nonendogenous depression and atypical depression.
- Discovery of MAO isoenzymes has spurred development of selective inhibitors.
Findings:
- Newer MAOIs like clorgyline aim for enhanced efficacy, while l-deprenyl focuses on safety.
- Reversible selective MAO-A inhibitors, such as moclobemide, show promise for potent antidepressant effects without tyramine interactions.
Implications:
- Improved understanding of MAOI pharmacology enhances treatment options for mood and anxiety disorders.
- Selective and reversible MAOIs represent a significant advancement in antidepressant development, offering better safety profiles.