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Knee stability after articulated external fixation.

Daniel C Fitzpatrick1, Mark B Sommers, Benjamin C C Kam

  • 1Orthpedic Healthcare Northwest, Eugene, Oregon, USA.

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
|August 12, 2005
PubMed
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Articulated external fixation stabilizes the knee by reducing cruciate ligament strain and anteroposterior translation. This method aids in protecting knee reconstructions and facilitating early rehabilitation after injury.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Articulated external fixation is proposed for knee ligament reconstructions to enable early rehabilitation.
  • The protective and stabilizing capabilities of these fixators require further determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of articulated external fixation in protecting knee cruciate ligaments and stabilizing the knee joint.
  • To compare the efficacy of monolateral versus bilateral fixator constructs.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled laboratory study using 7 human cadaveric lower extremities.
  • Knee stability was assessed using Lachman, anterior drawer, and posterior drawer tests with 100 N applied forces.
  • Cruciate ligament forces and tibiofemoral displacement were measured in intact and cruciate-deficient knees with and without articulated external fixation.

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Main Results:

  • Monolateral external fixators significantly reduced cruciate ligament forces in intact knees during stability tests.
  • In cruciate-deficient knees, monolateral fixators significantly decreased tibiofemoral translation by up to 70%.
  • No significant differences in protection or stabilization were found between monolateral and bilateral fixator frames.

Conclusions:

  • Articulated external fixation effectively reduces stress on cruciate ligaments in reconstructed knees.
  • This fixation method decreases anteroposterior translation in cruciate-deficient knees, enhancing joint stability.