Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring
07:35

Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring

Published on: June 23, 2015

Developmental renal pathology: its past, present, and future

Maria M Rodriguez1

  • 1University of Miami, School of Medicine, Jackson Children's Hospital, Department of Pathology, 1611 NW 12 Avenue, Miami, FL 33184, USA. mrodrig2@med.miami.edu

Fetal and Pediatric Pathology
|August 13, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract cause 40% of childhood end-stage renal failure. This review covers developmental renal lesions, embryology, and advances in diagnosis and treatment for better prognoses.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a leading cause of pediatric end-stage renal failure.
  • Understanding CAKUT is crucial for managing childhood kidney diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of developmental renal lesions in children.
  • To review embryology, pathology, and postnatal development of the kidney.
  • To discuss recent advances and future directions in diagnosing and treating CAKUT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical references and current literature on CAKUT.
  • Analysis of embryological and pathological aspects of renal development.
  • Discussion of diagnostic modalities like fetal ultrasonography and molecular biology.

Main Results:

  • CAKUT encompasses a wide spectrum of conditions, including renal agenesis, dysplasias, polycystic kidney diseases, and vesicoureteral reflux.
  • Advances in fetal ultrasonography and molecular biology offer improved diagnostic capabilities.
  • Pharmacogenetics presents promising future avenues for enhanced prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • CAKUT represents a significant burden in pediatric renal failure.
  • Integrated approaches combining embryology, pathology, and modern diagnostics are essential.
  • Future research in pharmacogenetics holds potential for personalized treatments and improved outcomes for affected children.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney08:53

Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney

Published on: August 9, 2014

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...