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The Kupffer cells. Ultrastructural and functional features.

E Mandache, E Moldoveanu

    Morphologie Et Embryologie
    |October 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Kupffer cells, the liver's macrophages, have unique structures enabling efficient white blood cell trapping and phagocytosis. Their origin is primarily the bone marrow, with local proliferation also contributing to their numbers.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Kupffer cells are fixed macrophages within the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS).
    • They possess unique ultrastructural features for identification, including ergastoplasmic peroxidase activity and worm-like structures.
    • These cells play a crucial role in the liver's immune surveillance and homeostasis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detail the ultrastructure and identification markers of Kupffer cells.
    • To analyze the endocytotic function, particularly phagocytosis of damaged red blood cells.
    • To investigate Kupffer cell stimulation by drugs and particulate substances, and discuss their origin and kinetics.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy.

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  • Observation of Kupffer cell interactions with blood cells in vivo.
  • Evaluation of cellular responses to stimulant substances.

    • Main Results:

    • Distinctive ultrastructural features allow precise Kupffer cell identification.
    • "Bridge-like" arrangements facilitate the trapping of circulating white blood cells.
    • Stimulation increases Kupffer cell number and endocytotic activity; bone marrow is the primary source, with local proliferation also occurring.

    Conclusions:

    • Kupffer cells exhibit specialized structures for immune functions like phagocytosis and cell trapping.
    • Their response to stimulants involves proliferation and enhanced activity.
    • Hepatic macrophages originate mainly from bone marrow, supplemented by local proliferation.