Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
Physical Properties Affecting Solubility02:19

Physical Properties Affecting Solubility

Solutions of Gases in Liquids
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
Mixtures of Acids03:27

Mixtures of Acids

The pH of a solution containing an acid can be determined using its acid dissociation constant and its initial concentration. If a solution contains two different acids, then its pH can be determined using one of several methods depending upon the relative strength of the acids and their dissociation constants.
A Mixture of a Strong Acid and a Weak Acid
In a mixture of a strong acid and a weak acid, the strong acid dissociates completely and becomes a source of almost all the hydronium ions...
Gas Solubility01:31

Gas Solubility

Gas solubility in liquids forms liquid-gas solutions, such as soft drinks, where carbon dioxide is dissolved in water, and the ocean, where the solubility of oxygen and carbon dioxide supports marine life. The ability of oceans to dissolve gases impacts weather conditions in the troposphere.However, gas-liquid interactions vary. For instance, hydrogen chloride gas is highly soluble in water, while oxygen's solubility is much lower. Because these solutions are non-ideal, Raoult’s law, which...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beta-site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 Overexpression Abrogates ST6GAL1 Mediated Rectal Cancer Chemoradiation Resistance.

Cancer genomics & proteomics·2026
Same author

Microstructure Regulation of Hard Carbon through a Sacrificial Pore-Forming Strategy for High-Rate Sodium Storage.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

Normothermic Machine and Regional Perfusion in U.S. DCD Liver Transplantation: A National Comparative Analysis Supporting Adoption as Standard of Care.

Annals of surgery·2026
Same author

The Impact of Ambient Temperature on the Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Incidence during 2009-2023 in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.

Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis·2026
Same author

The Path to Independence: Progression in Entrustment Reflected in Entrustable Professional Activity Ratings.

Annals of surgery·2026
Same author

American Association of Endocrine Surgeons statement on clinical productivity and compensation for endocrine surgeons.

Surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Functionalization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials Using an Environmentally Friendly Ultrasonicated Ozonolysis Process
08:33

Functionalization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials Using an Environmentally Friendly Ultrasonicated Ozonolysis Process

Published on: May 30, 2017

Oxygenated hydrocarbon ionic surfactants exhibit CO2 solubility.

Xin Fan1, Vijay K Potluri, M Chandler McLeod

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 18, 2005
PubMed
Summary

New ionic surfactants with vinyl acetate tails show high CO2 solubility, rivaling fluorinated surfactants. These surfactants create polar environments in CO2, enabling solubilization of polar molecules like methyl orange.

More Related Videos

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
09:31

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices

Published on: March 27, 2019

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Functionalization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials Using an Environmentally Friendly Ultrasonicated Ozonolysis Process
08:33

Functionalization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials Using an Environmentally Friendly Ultrasonicated Ozonolysis Process

Published on: May 30, 2017

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
09:31

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices

Published on: March 27, 2019

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Developing CO2-soluble surfactants is crucial for sustainable chemical processes.
  • Fluorinated surfactants offer high CO2 solubility but pose environmental concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate novel oxygenated hydrocarbon-based ionic surfactants for CO2 solubility.
  • To investigate the ability of these surfactants to form reverse micelles in CO2.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of ionic surfactants with acetylated sugars, poly(propylene glycol), and vinyl acetate tails.
  • Measurement of CO2 solubility of surfactants at varying pressures and temperatures.
  • Spectroscopic analysis (UV-Vis) to probe the microenvironment within CO2-rich solutions.

Main Results:

  • Vinyl acetate-based surfactants demonstrated significant CO2 solubility, comparable to fluorinated counterparts.
  • A sodium sulfate with oligomeric vinyl acetate tails showed 7 wt % solubility in CO2.
  • These surfactants successfully formed reverse micelles in CO2, indicated by methyl orange solubilization and a methanol-like polar microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Oligo(vinyl acetate) surfactants possess an optimal hydrophilic-lipophilic balance for CO2-philic applications.
  • These non-fluorinated surfactants represent a promising alternative for CO2-based solvent systems and green chemistry initiatives.