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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit and explicit memory for novel visual objects in older and younger adults.

D L Schacter1, L A Cooper, M Valdiserri

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.

Psychology and Aging
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Aging spares implicit memory for novel objects but impairs explicit memory. Older adults showed similar priming effects for possible objects, unlike recognition memory, suggesting preserved structural description abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

  • Aging impacts various cognitive functions, including memory.
  • Distinguishing between implicit and explicit memory is crucial for understanding age-related cognitive changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on implicit and explicit memory for novel visual objects.
  • To determine if structural description abilities are preserved in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using object decision and yes-no recognition tasks.
  • Participants (young and old) were exposed to drawings of possible and impossible objects.

Main Results:

  • Both age groups exhibited priming for previously studied possible objects on the object decision task.

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  • Priming effects did not differ between young and old subjects.
  • Older adults demonstrated significant impairment on the explicit memory recognition task.

    • Conclusions:

    • Implicit memory, specifically the ability to form and retain structural descriptions of novel objects, appears to be spared in older adults.
    • Explicit memory, as assessed by recognition, is negatively affected by aging.