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Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

Brain-computer communication based on the dynamics of brain oscillations.

G Pfurtscheller¹, B Graimann, J E Huggins

¹Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Graz, and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Inffeldgasse 16a/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria. graimann@tugraz.at

Supplements to Clinical Neurophysiology

|August 19, 2005

Summary

This review explores brain-computer communication using motor imagery and brain oscillations. It details brain-switch technologies for controlling FES hand grasp in tetraplegics and discusses ECoG-based approaches.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

Brain-computer communication (BCC) offers novel interaction methods.
Motor imagery (MI) and brain oscillations are key to decoding neural signals.
Existing BCC systems face challenges in real-world application.

Purpose of the Study:

To review brain-computer communication strategies utilizing motor imagery.
To explore the dynamics of brain oscillations in BCC.
To present novel brain-switch technologies for assistive applications.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on motor imagery and brain oscillations for BCC.
Explanation of BCC operational modes.
Presentation of electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocorticography (ECoG) based brain-switch designs.

Main Results:

Demonstration of an EEG-based brain switch controlling functional electrical stimulation (FES) for hand grasp.
Presentation of an ECoG-based brain-switch approach.
Analysis of motor imagery as a viable experimental strategy for BCC.

Conclusions:

Brain-computer communication based on motor imagery shows significant promise for assistive technologies.
EEG and ECoG offer distinct advantages for developing brain-switch interfaces.
Further research can enhance control and applicability for individuals with severe motor impairments.