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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Published on: March 31, 2021
Mechanisms of endothelial differentiation in embryonic vasculogenesis
J E Ferguson1, Rusty W Kelley, Cam Patterson
1Carolina Cardiovascular Biology Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7126, USA.
Abstract:
The formation of new blood vessels in the adult organism not only contributes to the progression of diseases such as cancer and diabetic retinopathy but also can be promoted in therapeutic approaches to various ischemic pathologies. Because many of the signals important to blood vessel development during embryogenesis are recapitulated during adult blood vessel formation, much work has been performed to better-understand the molecular control of endothelial differentiation in the developing embryo. In this review, we describe the current understanding of where endothelial differentiation from pluripotent progenitor cells occurs during development, how this process is controlled at the molecular level, and what model systems can be used to investigate the earliest steps of blood vessel formation.
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