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Sensorimotor organization in double cortex syndrome.

Jeffrey D Jirsch1, Neda Bernasconi, Flavio Villani

  • 1Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.

Human Brain Mapping
|August 27, 2005
PubMed
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Patients with double cortex syndrome (DCS) show activation in their subcortical heterotopic bands during motor and sensory tasks. This suggests these bands play a role in brain function, requiring widespread networks for simple tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Neuroradiology

Background:

  • Subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) is a cortical malformation linked to intractable epilepsy.
  • Double cortex syndrome (DCS) is characterized by a subcortical heterotopic gray matter band visible on MRI.
  • The functional role of this heterotopic band in humans remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function and connectivity of the subcortical heterotopic band in DCS patients.
  • To compare brain activation patterns in DCS patients and healthy controls during motor and sensory tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study six DCS patients and six healthy controls.
  • Participants performed simple motor and sensory tasks while undergoing fMRI scans.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Brain activation patterns were analyzed for both patient and control groups.

    • Main Results:

    • DCS patients exhibited task-related activation in both the primary motor cortex (M1) and the underlying heterotopic band.
    • Sensory tasks activated the contralateral primary sensory cortex (SI) in all DCS patients, with the underlying heterotopic band showing activation in some.
    • Both motor and sensory tasks revealed recruitment of normotopic cortical areas and subcortical structures in DCS patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Motor and sensory tasks can activate the subcortical heterotopic band in DCS patients.
    • Simple tasks in DCS necessitate widespread neural networks, involving primary areas, the heterotopic band, and higher-order cortices.