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Lipoprotein abnormalities in hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic men on hemodialysis with chronic renal failure

M Sentí1, R Romero, J Pedro-Botet

  • 1Department of Medicine, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Kidney International
|May 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis exhibit altered lipid profiles, including higher triglycerides and VLDL, and lower HDL, indicating elevated cardiovascular risk. This is linked to increased apo C-III in lipoproteins.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) impacts lipid metabolism and lipoprotein composition.
  • Hemodialysis is a common treatment for CRF, potentially influencing cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Understanding lipoprotein abnormalities in CRF patients is crucial for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein profiles in men with CRF undergoing hemodialysis.
  • To compare these profiles with age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between apolipoprotein E (apo E) polymorphism and lipid profiles in CRF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of lipids, lipoproteins (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL), and apolipoproteins (apo B, apo C-III, apo E) in 101 male CRF patients on hemodialysis and 101 controls.
  • Assessment of apo E polymorphism in the study population.
  • Subgroup analysis of CRF patients with normal serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Main Results:

  • CRF patients on hemodialysis showed significantly higher serum triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, and IDL, with lower LDL and HDL levels compared to controls.
  • Decreased serum apo B and significantly increased apo C-III concentrations in sera and VLDL/HDL fractions were observed in hemodialysis patients.
  • Even CRF patients with normal cholesterol/triglycerides exhibited increased VLDL-triglycerides and apo E, consistent with high cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • Accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in hemodialysis patients is partly attributed to increased apo C-III in VLDL and HDL.
  • The lipoprotein profile in hemodialysis patients, irrespective of normal cholesterol/triglyceride levels, suggests a high cardiovascular risk.
  • Apo E polymorphism did not significantly influence lipid or lipoprotein composition in this study population.

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