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Stinging insect allergy.

R E Reisman1

  • 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo School of Medicine.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect sting anaphylaxis affects many, causing severe reactions in about half of patients. Venom immunotherapy offers nearly 100% protection against future stings.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Insect sting anaphylaxis is a significant health concern, affecting 0.4% of the population and causing 40 US deaths annually.
  • Reactions are IgE-mediated, targeting venoms from Hymenoptera insects like bees, wasps, hornets, and fire ants.
  • Anaphylactic symptoms vary, with children often experiencing mild dermal reactions, while adults are more prone to severe systemic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, natural history, and management of insect sting anaphylaxis.
  • To highlight the efficacy of venom immunotherapy in preventing recurrent anaphylactic reactions.
  • To discuss evolving recommendations for immunotherapy duration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on insect sting anaphylaxis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of epidemiological data and clinical outcomes.
  • Evaluation of the effectiveness of venom immunotherapy and skin testing.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 50% of patients experience recurrent allergic reactions to subsequent stings.
    • Children with only dermal reactions have a benign prognosis; severe reactions risk recurrence.
    • Venom immunotherapy provides near 100% protection, with 3 years often sufficient.

    Conclusions:

    • Insect sting anaphylaxis requires prompt management, including epinephrine availability for at-risk individuals.
    • Venom immunotherapy is highly effective in preventing anaphylaxis from insect stings.
    • Immunotherapy duration is adaptable, potentially shortened if skin tests normalize or after 3 years.