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Basic principles and clinical uses of screws and bolts
1Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Orthopaedic Review
|June 1, 1992
Summary
Orthopaedic surgeons utilize screws for bone fixation, soft tissue attachment, and device fixation. This review details screw designs and types essential for bone healing and surgical procedures.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science in Medicine
Background:
- Screws are fundamental implants in orthopaedic surgery.
- Their applications range from bone-to-bone fixation to soft tissue attachment.
- Understanding screw design is crucial for successful surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical design parameters of orthopaedic screws.
- To categorize and describe the various types of screws employed in orthopaedic procedures.
- To provide a comprehensive overview for surgeons and engineers.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of surgical techniques and implant design.
- Analysis of biomechanical principles governing screw fixation.
- Classification of screws based on design features and clinical applications.
Main Results:
- Screws serve multiple functions: interfragmentary fixation, soft tissue fixation, and fixation of plates/nails.
- Bone-to-bone fixation is the most prevalent application.
- Key design parameters include thread design, material, and head geometry.
Conclusions:
- A thorough understanding of screw design parameters is vital for orthopaedic surgeons.
- Appropriate screw selection enhances fixation stability and promotes bone healing.
- This review consolidates essential knowledge on orthopaedic screw types and applications.