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The Medawar Lecture 1998 is science dangerous?
1Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College, London, UK. l.wolpert@ucl.ac.uk
Summary
Science offers the best understanding of the world and is value-free, distinct from technology. Scientists must disclose implications, and no research should be banned, relying on societal institutions for oversight.
Area of Science:
- Philosophy of Science
- Ethics in Science
Background:
- The perception of science as inherently dangerous is prevalent in culture and literature.
- Scientific knowledge is value-free, separate from technological applications and their ethical considerations.
Discussion:
- Scientists are not responsible for unforeseen technological applications of their discoveries.
- Ethical issues surrounding advancements like cloning, stem cells, and gene therapy are not novel.
- No research areas are too sensitive to warrant prohibition; societal oversight is crucial.
Key Insights:
- Reliable scientific knowledge is objective and lacks inherent moral or ethical value.
- The obligation of scientists includes publicizing social and technological implications of their work.
- Societal institutions (parliament, press, public) and scientists share responsibility for managing science's impact.
Outlook:
- Public understanding of science programs are vital but require further development for optimal effectiveness.
- Continued dialogue and robust societal structures are necessary for navigating the ethical landscape of scientific advancement.