Related Experiment Videos
[Frequency of detection of hepatitis B markers in various chronic diseases in children]
Insights
Children with chronic diseases, especially hemophilia, show high rates of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection markers. Screening and vaccination are crucial for at-risk pediatric populations to prevent HBV transmission.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
- Immunology
Context:
- Viral hepatitis B (HBV) poses a significant health risk, particularly in vulnerable pediatric populations.
- Chronic somatic diseases in children can increase susceptibility to infections like HBV.
- Accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods are essential for identifying HBV infection markers.
Purpose:
- To determine the prevalence of HBV infection markers in children with various chronic somatic diseases.
- To identify specific pediatric risk groups for HBV infection.
- To evaluate the necessity of screening and vaccination strategies for HBV in children.
Summary:
- A study examined 995 children with chronic diseases for HBV markers using sensitive methods (hemagglutination inhibition test, EIA).
- HBV markers were found in 4.3% of controls (acute intestinal infections) and significantly higher rates in children with diabetes mellitus (13.1%), chronic renal diseases (18.9%), pulmonary diseases (32.8%), bronchial asthma (33.3%), and hemophilia (85.2%).
- Subclinical HBV infections were common, with persistent HBs-antigenemia less frequent. Longer illness duration correlated with higher marker prevalence.
Impact:
- Highlights the elevated risk of HBV infection in children with specific chronic conditions, particularly hemophilia.
- Underscores the need for widespread HBV screening and vaccination in at-risk pediatric groups lacking immunity.
- Emphasizes the importance of implementing preventive measures against blood-transmitted infections.
Abstract:
Overall 995 children with different somatic chronic diseases were examined for viral hepatitis B markers demonstration using up-to-date highly sensitive methods (hemagglutination inhibition test, EIA). In the control group (children with acute intestinal infections), HBV-infection markers were discovered in 4.3%. Children with diabetes mellitus (13.1%), chronic renal diseases (18.9%), pulmonary diseases (32.8%), bronchial asthma (33.3%) and hemophilia (85.2%) are attributed to the group at greater risk for HBV infection. As a rule, the rate of HBV-infection markers demonstration in chronic somatic diseases was higher in considerable duration of the underlying illness. The overwhelming majority of the children examined had suffered subclinical forms of HBV-infection as shown by the disease history, whereupon they manifested antibodies against HBV antigens. HBs-antigenemia, that persisted for a long time (chronic HBV-infection) was demonstrable far less frequently. The authors provide evidence for the necessity of carrying out a broad-scale screening of HBV-infection markers in the indicated risk groups and vaccination against hepatitis B in children without HBsAG and without immunity to viral hepatitis B. The importance of measures aimed at preventing infections transmitted via blood is emphasized.