Bioactive and mechanically strong Bioglass-poly(D,L-lactic acid) composite coatings on surgical sutures

New coating processes have been investigated for degradable (Vicryl) and nondegradable (Mersilk) sutures with the aim to develop Bioglass coated polymer fibers for wound healing and tissue engineering scaffold applications. First, the aqueous phase of a Bioglass particle slurry was replaced with a poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) polymer dissolved in solvent dimethyle carbonate (DMC) to act as third phase. SEM observations indicated that this alteration significantly improved the homogeneity of the coatings. Second, a new coating strategy involving two steps was developed: the sutures were first coated with a Bioglass-PDLLA composite film followed by a second PDLLA coating. This two-step process of coating has addressed the problem of poor adherence of Bioglass particles on suture surfaces. The coated sutures were knotted to determine qualitatively the mechanical integrity of the coatings. The results indicated that adhesion strength of coatings obtained by the two-step method was remarkably enhanced. A comparative assessment of the bioactivity of one-step and two-step produced coatings was carried out in vitro using acellular simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 28 days. Coatings produced by the two-step process were found to have similar bioactivity as the one-step produced coatings. The novel Bioglass/PDLLA/Vicryl and Bioglass/PDLLA/Mersilk composite sutures are promising bioactive materials for wound healing and tissue engineering applications.