Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 9, 2026

12:21
Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
Published on: April 4, 2016
Resonance contributions to anti-Stokes/Stokes ratios under surface enhanced Raman scattering conditions
1The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom. Robert.Maher@imperial.ac.uk
The Journal of Chemical Physics
|September 17, 2005
Summary
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) asymmetries arise from electromagnetic coupling between analytes and metal surfaces. The anti-Stokes/Stokes ratio reveals resonance hierarchies crucial for SERS quantification.
Area of Science:
- Spectroscopy and Analytical Chemistry
- Surface Science
- Nanomaterials
Background:
- Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique for sensitive molecular detection.
- Asymmetries between anti-Stokes and Stokes signals in SERS have been observed but not fully understood.
- Understanding these asymmetries is key to improving SERS quantification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the origins of anti-Stokes/Stokes asymmetries in SERS.
- To identify the role of underlying resonances in creating these asymmetries.
- To establish the anti-Stokes/Stokes ratio as a quantitative tool for SERS resonance analysis.
Main Methods:
- Studying SERS on diverse SERS-active substrates.
- Analyzing various analyte molecules.
- Correlating spectral asymmetries with electromagnetic coupling phenomena.
Main Results:
- Evidence for underlying resonances causing anti-Stokes/Stokes asymmetries is presented.
- These resonances are directly linked to electromagnetic coupling between the analyte and the metal.
- The anti-Stokes/Stokes ratio effectively probes the hierarchy of SERS resonances.
Conclusions:
- Electromagnetic coupling is the primary driver of SERS anti-Stokes/Stokes asymmetries.
- The anti-Stokes/Stokes ratio provides a valuable metric for understanding and quantifying SERS resonance phenomena.
- This work enhances the reliability and applicability of SERS for quantitative analysis.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Resonance and Hybrid Structures
According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting
A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

