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Acute monocytic leukaemia in a cat
1Department of Pathobiology, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, Fujisawa Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan.
The Veterinary Record
|September 20, 2005
Summary
A feline monocytic leukemia (M5) case presented with lymphadenopathy and severe leucocytosis. Chemotherapy with cytarabine, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone induced a partial remission, extending survival to 95 days.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Feline leukemia, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is a rare and aggressive malignancy.
- Monocytic leukemia (M5) is a specific subtype of AML characterized by the proliferation of monocytic cells.
Observation:
- A three-year-old cat exhibited lymphadenopathy, non-regenerative anemia, and marked leukocytosis (171.3 x 10(9) cells/L).
- Peripheral blood and bone marrow analyses revealed mature and immature monocyte-like cells, confirmed as monocytic by cytochemistry and cell surface phenotype.
Findings:
- The cat was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, subclassified as monocytic leukemia (M5).
- Treatment with cytarabine, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone effectively reduced blast cell counts in peripheral blood and bone marrow.
Implications:
- This case highlights the successful application of a combination chemotherapy protocol in managing feline monocytic leukemia.
- The partial remission achieved (67 days) and overall survival (95 days) provide valuable data for feline leukemia treatment strategies.
