Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Human cooperation: second-order free-riding problem solved?

James H Fowler1

  • 1Department of Political Science, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA jhfowler@ucdavis.edu

Nature
|September 24, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Application of an egocentric social network approach to examine changes in social connections following treatment for anxiety and depression: A novel measurement tool for clinical trials research?

Social science & medicine (1982)·2024
Same author

Amplification of Positivity Treatment for Anxiety and Depression: A Randomized Experimental Therapeutics Trial Targeting Social Reward Sensitivity to Enhance Social Connectedness.

Biological psychiatry·2023
Same author

Epidemiology of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infection in free-ranging rhinoceros in Kruger National Park, South Africa.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022
Same author

Longitudinal social network analysis of avian mycobacteriosis incidence in a large population of zoo birds.

Preventive veterinary medicine·2021
Same author

Stay-at-home orders associate with subsequent decreases in COVID-19 cases and fatalities in the United States.

PloS one·2021
Same author

Social network analysis and whole-genome sequencing to evaluate disease transmission in a large, dynamic population: A study of avian mycobacteriosis in zoo birds.

PloS one·2021
Same journal

Incoming US science academy chief vows to 'double down' on research.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Synthesis of enantioenriched atropisomers by biocatalytic deracemization.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Electrodeposited self-assembled molecules for perovskite photovoltaics.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Neutrino's nursery found: the 'Shadow Blaster'.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Dementia risk in middle-aged people linked to a blood protein.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: What's really happening with trust in science.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Human cooperation models face challenges from free riders. Introducing second-round defectors into indirect reciprocity models shows that cooperation unravels, leaving the free-riding problem unsolved.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary game theory
  • Social dynamics

Background:

  • Indirect reciprocity models explain large-scale cooperation.
  • Previous models did not account for second-round free riders.

Discussion:

  • This study simplifies an indirect reciprocity model.
  • It incorporates second-round defectors to test cooperation stability.

Key Insights:

  • Cooperation unravels when second-round defectors are introduced.
  • The free-riding problem in indirect reciprocity remains a significant challenge.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to develop robust models of cooperation.
  • Understanding defector dynamics is crucial for sustaining cooperation.

Related Experiment Videos