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Related Concept Videos

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

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Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin, triggering...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of Ligand-receptor Interactions with Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
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Published on: August 20, 2012

Liposome opsonization.

Xuedong Yan1, Gerrit L Scherphof, Jan A A M Kamps

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Section Liposome Research, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Groningen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Liposome Research
|October 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serum proteins binding to liposomes (liposomal opsonins) cause their rapid removal from circulation. This review explores opsonins, receptors, and how poly(ethylene glycol) modification prevents liposome clearance.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Cell-Free Production of Proteoliposomes for Functional Analysis and Antibody Development Targeting Membrane Proteins
08:46

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Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Liposomes are crucial nanocarriers in drug delivery.
  • Their circulation time is limited by immune system clearance.
  • Serum protein adsorption (opsonization) is a key factor in this clearance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the proposed liposomal opsonins involved in liposome clearance.
  • To discuss cell-surface receptors mediating liposome elimination.
  • To examine the impact of poly(ethylene glycol) modification on opsonization and clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on liposome-serum protein interactions.
  • Analysis of proposed opsonins and their binding mechanisms.
  • Investigation of cellular uptake pathways and receptor involvement.
  • Evaluation of stealth effects of poly(ethylene glycol) modification.

Main Results:

  • Specific serum proteins act as opsonins, targeting liposomes for clearance.
  • Cell-surface receptors, such as scavenger receptors, mediate liposome recognition and uptake.
  • Poly(ethylene glycol)ylation significantly reduces opsonin adsorption, prolonging circulation time.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding opsonization is vital for designing long-circulating liposomes.
  • Targeted liposome delivery can be influenced by receptor-mediated interactions.
  • Poly(ethylene glycol) modification remains a primary strategy for evading immune clearance.