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Reducing low birthweight by resolving risks: results from Colorado's prenatal plus program.

Sue Austin Ricketts1, Erin K Murray, Renee Schwalberg

  • 1Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO 80246, USA. sue.ricketts@state.co.us

American Journal of Public Health
|October 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Addressing prenatal risks like smoking and inadequate weight gain significantly reduces low birthweight (LBW) rates. The Prenatal Plus program demonstrated success in improving infant birthweight through multidisciplinary interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health concern with multifactorial causes.
  • Prenatal risk factors, including smoking, inadequate weight gain, and psychosocial issues, are associated with LBW.
  • Effective prenatal interventions are crucial for improving infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine LBW rates in relation to specific prenatal risk factors within Colorado's Prenatal Plus program.
  • To assess the impact of successful risk resolution during pregnancy on LBW.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary prenatal care.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 3569 Medicaid-eligible women in the Prenatal Plus Program (2002).

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  • Determination of risk prevalence, resolution proportions, and LBW rates for women who resolved risks versus those who did not.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-squared tests to assess significance.

    • Main Results:

    • Women who quit smoking had lower LBW rates (8.5%) compared to those who continued (13.7%).
    • Adequate weight gain was associated with significantly lower LBW rates (6.7%) versus inadequate gain (17.2%).
    • Women resolving all risks had a 7.0% LBW rate, compared to 13.2% for those resolving no risks. Increased program visits correlated with higher risk resolution.

    Conclusions:

    • Multidisciplinary prenatal interventions targeting specific risks are effective in reducing LBW.
    • The Prenatal Plus program demonstrated success in improving infant birthweight through risk management.
    • Addressing modifiable prenatal risk factors is key to enhancing infant health outcomes.