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Related Experiment Videos

Bone marrow cryptococcosis: a case report.

Rajagopal Saravana1, Debdatta Basu, S Chandrakumar

  • 1Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.

The Malaysian Journal of Pathology
|October 4, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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A disseminated cryptococcal infection was diagnosed in an HIV-positive man presenting with fever and lymphadenopathy. Bone marrow examination proved crucial for identifying this opportunistic fungal infection.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Opportunistic infections are common in individuals with immunosuppression, particularly Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
  • Disseminated fungal infections, such as cryptococcosis, can present with non-specific symptoms like fever and lymphadenopathy.
  • Bone marrow examination is a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old male presented with fever, cervical, and axillary lymphadenopathy, along with thrombocytopaenia.
  • Peripheral blood film revealed thrombocytopaenia.
  • Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed granulomas and cryptococcal yeast forms.

Findings:

  • Fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes, cerebrospinal fluid, and sputum confirmed the presence of cryptococci.

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  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antigen was positive.
  • Histological findings in bone marrow, including granulomas, are indicative of opportunistic infections.

    • Implications:

    • Disseminated cryptococcosis in this patient highlights the importance of considering opportunistic infections in HIV-positive individuals.
    • Bone marrow examination is an effective method for diagnosing opportunistic fungal and mycobacterial infections in patients with unexplained fever, anemia, or thrombocytopaenia.
    • Early diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis are critical for improving outcomes in patients with HIV/AIDS.